Biofertilizers are sustainable, eco-friendly alternatives to chemical fertilizers, utilizing living microorganisms to enhance soil fertility and plant growth. These include nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Rhizobium and Azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing microbes, and mycorrhizal fungi, which improve nutrient availability. Biofertilizers enrich soil with organic matter, promote root development, and enhance crop yields without harmful environmental impacts. They reduce dependency on synthetic fertilizers, minimizing soil degradation, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. Commonly used in organic farming, biofertilizers support crops like legumes, cereals, and vegetables. They also improve soil structure and microbial diversity, fostering long-term agricultural sustainability. While cost-effective and biodegradable, their efficacy depends on soil conditions, climate, and application methods. As global demand for sustainable agriculture grows, biofertilizers are increasingly adopted, offering a natural solution to food security and environmental challenges, making them a vital tool for modern farming practices.